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vivo X Note Display Technology Shoot-Out

 

Dr. Raymond M. Soneira

President, DisplayMate Technologies Corporation

 

Copyright © 1990-2022 by DisplayMate Technologies Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

This article, or any part thereof, may not be copied, reproduced, mirrored, distributed or incorporated

into any other work without the prior written permission of DisplayMate Technologies Corporation

 

 

vivo X Note

 

Introduction and Overview

The key element for a great Smartphone has always been a truly innovative and top performing display, and the best leading edge Smartphones have always flaunted their super high tech displays. It is the display performance that determines how good and how beautiful everything on the Smartphone looks, including the camera photos, videos, movies, web content, plus all of your Apps, and also how readable and how usable the screen is in High Ambient Lighting. The Display is the Crown Jewel of the Smartphone!

 

In this Display Technology Shoot-Out article series we Only Test and Only Cover the Very Best State-of-the-Art Top Performing Top Tier Smartphone Displays. The articles are designed to promote Superior Display Performance so that reviewers, analysts, journalists, and consumers all Recognize and Appreciate Display Excellence, and also to reward and encourage manufacturers to produce top performing displays for their products.

 

In this article we lab test, measure, analyze, and evaluate in depth the display on the vivo X Note. This is an independent scientific objective lab test and analysis of OLED displays written for reviewers, analysts, journalists, and consumers. It is the latest edition in our twelve year article series that has lab tested, tracked and analyzed the development of mobile OLED displays and display technology, from its early beginnings in 2010, when OLED displays started out in last place, into a rapidly improving and evolving display technology that now has a commanding first place lead and continues pushing ahead aggressively.

 

All of the DisplayMate Display Performance Grades, Ratings and Awards are based entirely on the extensive objective Lab tests and measurements that we also publish, so that everyone can judge and compare the display performance data for themselves as well. As Display Performance continues to improve each year we have and will continue to raise the Performance Levels necessary to receive a DisplayMate Best Smartphone Display Award and A+ Display Rating. As a result, only the Very Best Displays will continue to receive A+ Ratings each year.

 

vivo X Note Conclusion Summary

Below is a Summary of the Conclusion

See the Conclusion section for the details.

 

All of the DisplayMate Display Performance Grades, Ratings and Awards are based entirely on the extensive objective Lab tests and measurements that we also publish, so that everyone can judge and compare the display performance data for themselves as well.

 

· Based on our extensive Lab Tests and Measurements the vivo X Note delivers Uniformly Consistent Top Tier Display Performance and receives All Green [Very Good to Excellent] Ratings in All DisplayMate Lab Test Display Performance and Accuracy Categories. As a Result, the vivo X Note has earned DisplayMate’s Highest Overall Display Assessment Rating and Highest Display Performance Grade of A+.

 

· The vivo X Note has a Very Impressive Excellent Top Tier World Class Smartphone Display with close to Text Book Perfect Calibration Accuracy and Performance that is Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect. Based on our objective Lab Tests and Measurements the vivo X Note receives a DisplayMate Best Smartphone Display Award earning DisplayMate’s highest ever Display Performance Grade of A+ and setting or matching 16 Smartphone Display Performance Records including 8 that are Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

As a result, the vivo X Note joins the very select Top Tier of the Best Smartphone Displays. This demonstrates that vivo recognizes the importance of Display Excellence and has made a major commitment to improving Smartphone Display Performance.

 

Display Shoot-Out Lab Measurements Comparison Table

Below we examine in-depth the OLED display performance of the vivo X Note based on objective Lab Measurement data

and criteria in the following sections:  Display SpecificationsOverall AssessmentsScreen Reflections,

Brightness and ContrastColors and IntensitiesAbsolute Color Accuracy,  Viewing AnglesOLED Spectra

 

For comparisons with the other leading Smartphone displays see our Mobile Display Technology Shoot-Out article series.

 

Categories

 vivo X Note

Comments

Display Technology

 

Flexible OLED Display with Diamond Pixels

7.0 inch Diagonal  /  17.8 cm Diagonal

Excluding the Rounded Corners

 

Flexible Organic Light Emitting Diode

Diamond Pixels with Diagonal Sub-Pixel Symmetry.

 

Screen Aspect Ratio

 

19.25 : 9 = 2.14

Higher Aspect Ratio

Most Smartphones and Widescreen TVs have 16 : 9 = 1.78

 

Height to Width Aspect Ratio

The X Note display screen is 20% longer than

most Smartphones and widescreen 16:9 TV content.

Screen Size

 

     2.97  x   6.35 inches

7.54  x 16.13 cm

 

Display Width and Height in inches and cm.

 Screen Area

 

18.9 square inches  /  122 square cm

After Subtracting the Camera Opening but not the Rounded Corners

 

A better measure of size than the Diagonal.

Front Camera Opening Size

Front Camera Opening has less than 0.1 percent of the Screen Area

Diameter is 0.14 inches  /  3.6 mm

Front Camera Opening is by the Top Center

of the Screen.

Supported Color Gamuts

 

    Standard mode  –  Color Management with Bluer White Point

                Bright mode  –  Native OLED Color Gamut with Higher Contrast

                    Professional mode  –  sRGB and DCI-P3 Standard Color Gamuts

Automatic Color Management for Content with ICC Color Profiles

 

The X Note supports 2 Standard Color Gamuts:

sRGB and the new wider DCI-P3 Color Gamut that

is used in 4K Ultra HD TV content.

 

 

Display Refresh Rates

Display Refresh Frames Per Second FPS

Normal FPS: 60 Hz Refresh

High FPS: 120 Hz Refresh for Smoother Scrolling and Motion

 

Higher Refresh Rates improve image Scrolling

plus Video and Motion Performance in Apps,

and may reduce Screen Flicker that some

people experience.

 

Display Resolution

 

3080 x 1440 pixels

3K   Quad HD+

 

Screen Pixel Resolution.

Quad HD can display four 1280x720 HD images.

Total Number of Pixels

 

4.4 Mega Pixels

 

Total Number of Display Pixels.

Pixels Per Inch  PPI

485 PPI with Diamond Pixels

Excellent

 

Sharpness depends on the viewing distance and PPI.

See this on the visual acuity for a true Retina Display

 

Sub-Pixels Per Inch  SPPI

   

    Red  343 SPPI

 Green  485 SPPI

   Blue  343 SPPI

 

Diamond Pixel displays have only half the number of

Red and Blue Sub-Pixels as RGB Stripe displays.

At High PPI this is generally not visible due to

the use of Sub-Pixel Rendering.

Total Number of Sub-Pixels

   Red  2.2 Million Sub-Pixels

Green  4.4 Million Sub-Pixels

  Blue  2.2 Million Sub-Pixels

Diamond Pixel displays have only half the number of

Red and Blue Sub-Pixels as RGB Stripe displays.

At High PPI this is generally not visible due to

the use of Sub-Pixel Rendering.

20/20 Vision Distance

where Pixels or Sub-Pixels

are Not Resolved

           7.1 inches / 18.0 cm  for White and Green Sub-Pixels with 20/20 Vision

    10.0 inches / 25.5 cm  for Red and Blue Sub-Pixels with 20/20 Vision

For 20/20 Vision the minimum Viewing Distance

where the screen appears perfectly sharp to the eye.

At 10 inches from the screen 20/20 Vision is 344 PPI.

Display Sharpness

at Typical Viewing Distances

vivo X Note Display appears Perfectly Sharp

Pixels are not Resolved with 20/20 Vision

at Typical Viewing Distances of

     10 to 18 inches

25 to 46 cm

 

The Typical Viewing Distances for this screen size

are in the range of 10 to 18 inches or 25 to 46 cm.

 

Also note that eye’s resolution is much lower for

Red and Blue color content than White and Green.

 

 

Appears Perfectly Sharp

at Typical Viewing Distances

 

 Yes

Typical Viewing Distances are 10 to 18 inches

or 25 to 46 cm for this screen size.

 

Overall Display Performance Assessments

This section summarizes the results for all of the extensive Lab Measurements and Viewing Tests performed on the display.

See  Screen ReflectionsBrightness and ContrastColors and IntensitiesAbsolute Color AccuracyViewing AnglesOLED Spectra

 

The X Note has Automatic Color Management that switches to the appropriate Color Gamut for Content with ICC Color Profiles.

 

Here we provide results for the Standard mode, which has an Intentionally Bluish White Point and Higher Image Contrast,

the Professional DCI-P3 mode, which is calibrated for the new DCI-P3 Gamut that is used in 4K Ultra HD TVs,

and the Professional sRGB mode, which is calibrated for the sRGB / Rec.709 Gamut that is used for most current

consumer photo, video, web, and computer content.

 

Categories

Standard mode

Color Management

Professional mode

DCI-P3 Content

Professional mode

sRGB Content

Comments

Viewing Tests

in Subdued Ambient Lighting

 

 

 

 

Very Good Images

Photos and Videos

have a Bluish White Point

and Higher Contrast

 

Intentionally Bluish Mode

Excellent Images

Photos and Videos

have Excellent Color

and Accurate Contrast

 

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

Excellent Images

Photos and Videos

have Excellent Color

and Accurate Contrast

 

Accurate sRGB Content

The Viewing Tests examine the accuracy of

photographic images by comparing the displays

to a calibrated studio monitor and TV.

 

 

 

 

Variation with Viewing Angle

Colors and Brightness

 

See Viewing Angles

 

Color Shifts

Small to Medium

with Viewing Angle

 

Small Brightness Shifts

with Viewing Angle

Color Shifts

Small to Medium

with Viewing Angle

 

Small Brightness Shifts

with Viewing Angle

Color Shifts

Small to Medium

with Viewing Angle

 

Small Brightness Shifts

with Viewing Angle

The X Note display has a relatively small

decrease in Brightness with Viewing Angle and

Small to Medium Color Shifts with Viewing Angle.

 

See the Viewing Angles section for details.

 

 

Overall Display Assessment

Lab Tests and Measurements

Excellent OLED Display

Intentionally Bluish Mode

Excellent OLED Display

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

Excellent OLED Display

Accurate sRGB Content

The X Note OLED Display performed

very well in the Lab Tests and Measurements.

 

 

Absolute Color Accuracy

Measured over Entire Gamut

 

See Figure 2 and Colors

 Good Color Accuracy

Intentionally Bluish Mode

 

 

Excellent Color Accuracy

Color Errors are Very Small

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

 

Excellent Color Accuracy

Color Errors are Very Small

Accurate sRGB Content

 

Absolute Color Accuracy is measured with a

Spectroradiometer for 41 Reference Colors

uniformly distributed within the entire Color Gamut.

 

See Figure 2 and Colors for details.

Image Contrast Accuracy

 

See Figure 3 and Contrast

Very Good Accuracy

Image Contrast

Intentionally Higher

Excellent Accuracy

Image Contrast

Very Accurate

Excellent Accuracy

Image Contrast

Very Accurate

The Image Contrast Accuracy is determined by

measuring the Log Intensity Scale and Gamma.

 

See Figure 3 and Contrast for details.

Performance in Ambient Light

Display Brightness

Screen Reflectance

Contrast Rating

 

See Brightness and Contrast

See Screen Reflections

High Display Brightness

Very Low Reflectance

 

High Contrast Rating

for Ambient Light

 

Higher Brightness with

Auto Brightness On

High Display Brightness

Very Low Reflectance

 

High Contrast Rating

for Ambient Light

 

Higher Brightness with

Auto Brightness On

High Display Brightness

Very Low Reflectance

 

High Contrast Rating

for Ambient Light

 

Higher Brightness with

Auto Brightness On

Smartphones are seldom used in the dark.

 

Screen Brightness and Reflectance determine

the Contrast Rating for High Ambient Light.

 

See the Brightness and Contrast section for details.

See the Screen Reflections section for details.

 

 

Overall Display Calibration

Image and Picture Quality

Lab Tests and Viewing Tests

Intentionally Bluish Mode

Higher Image Contrast

 

Excellent Calibration

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

 

Excellent Calibration

Accurate sRGB Content

 

The X Note display has sRGB and DCI-P3 modes

that deliver accurately calibrated colors and images

and a Standard mode that is preferred by

some users and for some applications.

 

Overall Display Grade

Overall Assessment

 

Overall vivo X Note Display Grade is Excellent A+

DisplayMate Best Smartphone Display Award

with 16 Smartphone Display Performance Records

including 8 that are Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect

An Excellent Top Tier World Class Smartphone Display

 

The vivo X Note display delivers Excellent

Image Quality, has both Professional sRGB and

Professional DCI-P3 modes and a Standard mode

with Color Management, has High Screen Brightness

and low Reflectance, has good Viewing Angles, and

is an all around Top Performing Smartphone Display.

 

 

 

Default Color Mode

Also Best for Viewing in

High Ambient Light

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

For Viewing 4K UHD TV

DCI-P3 Cinema Content

Accurate sRGB mode

For Viewing Most Content

Photo Video Movie Web

Categories

Standard mode

Color Management

Professional mode

DCI-P3 Content

Professional mode

sRGB Content

Comments

 

vivo X Note Conclusions:   A Record Setting Impressive Smartphone Display…

The primary goal of this Display Technology Shoot-Out article series has always been to publicize and promote display excellence so that consumers, journalists, reviewers, and even manufacturers are aware of and appreciate the very best in displays and display technology. We point out which manufacturers and display technologies are leading and advancing the state-of-the-art for displays by performing comprehensive and objective scientific Lab Tests and Measurements together with in-depth analysis. We point out who is leading, who is behind, who is improving, and sometimes (unfortunately) who is back pedaling.

 

All of the DisplayMate Display Performance Grades, Ratings and Awards are based entirely on the extensive objective Lab tests and measurements that we also publish, so that everyone can judge and compare the display performance data for themselves as well.

 

With consumers now spending rapidly increasing amounts of time watching content on their Smartphones, the shift in emphasis from primarily improving Display Hardware Performance to enhancing the overall Display Picture Quality and Color Accuracy is an important step that DisplayMate Technologies has been pushing for many years in our Display Technology Shoot-Out article series, so it is great to see manufactures improving and then competing on these DisplayMate Lab Measurement Objective Display Performance Metrics.

 

The vivo X Note sets or matches 16 Smartphone Display Performance Records for:

Numerical Display Performance Differences that are Visually Indistinguishable are considered Matched and Tied Performance Records.

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference and APL is the Average Picture Level for on-screen Image Content.

 

· Highest    Color Accuracy of White  (0.3 JNCD for sRGB and 0.3 JNCD for DCI-P3)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Highest    Absolute Color Accuracy  (0.5 JNCD for sRGB and 0.5 JNCD for DCI-P3)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Smallest  Maximum Color Error  (1.1 JNCD for sRGB and 1.2 JNCD for DCI-P3)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Smallest  Shift in Color Accuracy with APL  (0.4 JNCD for sRGB and 0.4 JNCD for DCI-P3)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Smallest  Maximum Color Shift with APL  (0.6 JNCD for sRGB and 0.6 JNCD for DCI-P3)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Highest    Image Contrast Accuracy and Intensity Scale Accuracy  (2.20 Gamma)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Smallest  Shift in Image Contrast and Intensity Scale with APL  (0.01 Gamma)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Smallest  Change in Peak Luminance with APL  (1 percent)  –  Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

· Highest    Full Screen Brightness for OLED Smartphones  (996 nits at 100% APL).

 

· Highest    Peak Display Brightness  (1,426 nits for Low APL).

 

· Largest    Native Color Gamut  (112% DCI-P3 and 141% sRGB / Rec.709 for the Bright Color Mode).

 

· Highest   Contrast Ratio  (Infinite).

 

· Lowest    Screen Reflectance  (4.3 percent).

 

· Highest   Contrast Rating in Ambient Light  (232 for 100% APL and 332 for Peak Brightness).

 

· Smallest  Color Variation of White with Viewing Angle  (2.0 JNCD at 30 degrees).

 

· Highest   Visible Screen Resolution 3K (3080 x1440)  –  4K Does Not Appear Visually Sharper on a Smartphone.

 

The vivo X Note earns our Highest A+ Display Performance Assessment Rating

OLED has evolved into a highly refined and mature display technology that produces the best and highest performance displays for Smartphones.

OLED Display Performance continues to provide major Record Setting improvements with every new generation.

 

vivo has concentrated on significantly raising the on-screen Absolute Picture Quality and Absolute Color Accuracy of the OLED display by implementing Precision Factory Display Calibration, moving the overall X Note Display Performance up to Record Setting Outstanding Levels with close to Text Book Perfect Calibration Accuracy that is Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect.

 

DisplayMate Display Performance Ratings:

All of the Results in this article are based Entirely on our Objective and Extensive DisplayMate Lab Tests and Measurements that are all listed in the sections below.

 

· To get a DisplayMate A Display Performance Rating the display must get All Green [Very Good to Excellent] Ratings for All of the Display Tests and Measurements [except for Color Shifts at 30 degrees Viewing Angle, which are deemed less important].

 

· Then to get a DisplayMate A+ Display Performance Rating the Average Absolute Color Accuracy and the Average Absolute Color Accuracy Shifts with Average Picture Level APL must All be less than 1.0 JNCD, and the Largest Color Errors must All be less than 3.0 JNCD.

 

The vivo X Note delivers Uniformly Consistent Top Tier Display Performance and receives All Green [Very Good to Excellent] Ratings in All DisplayMate Lab Test Display Performance and Accuracy Categories and has Absolute Color Accuracy much better than 1.0 JNCD.

 

The vivo X Note display meets all of the criteria and requirements for a DisplayMate A+ Grade, earning DisplayMate’s Highest Overall Display Assessment Rating and Highest Display Performance Grade of A+.

 

DisplayMate Display Performance Rating and Best Smartphone Display Award

· Based on our extensive Lab Tests and Measurements the vivo X Note has a Very Impressive Excellent Top Tier World Class Smartphone Display with close to Text Book Perfect Calibration Accuracy and Performance that is Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect. Based on our objective Lab Tests and Measurements the vivo X Note receives a DisplayMate Best Smartphone Display Award earning DisplayMate’s highest ever Display Performance Grade of A+ and setting or matching 16 Smartphone Display Performance Records including 8 that are Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect that are listed above.

 

The vivo X Note joins the very select Top Tier of Smartphone Displays which all provide Close to Text Book Perfect Calibration Accuracy and Performance that is Visually Indistinguishable From Perfect, so they all received and maintain Concurrent DisplayMate Best Smartphone Display Awards. All are Excellent State-of-the-Art Displays, each is better in some Display Performance Categories, but None are Best in All the Display Performance Categories. Note that measured numerical display performance differences that are Visually Indistinguishable are equivalent.

 

As Display Performance continues to improve we have and will continue to raise the Performance Levels necessary to receive a DisplayMate Best Smartphone Display Award and an A+ Display Rating, so The Top Tier of Smartphone Displays will continue to evolve and change with each new display generation, but only the Very Best Displays will continue to receive A+ Ratings each year.

 

 

Screen Reflections

All display screens are mirrors good enough to use for personal grooming – but that is actually a very bad feature…

We measured the light reflected from all directions and also direct mirror (specular) reflections, which are much more

distracting and cause more eye strain. Many Smartphones still have greater than 10 percent reflections that make

the screen much harder to read even in moderate ambient light levels, requiring ever higher brightness settings that

waste precious battery power. Manufacturers should reduce the mirror reflections with anti-reflection coatings and

matte or haze surface finishes.

 

Our Lab Measurements include Average Reflectance for Ambient Light from All Directions and for Mirror Reflections.

We use an Integrating Hemisphere and a highly collimated pencil light beam together with a Spectroradiometer.

Note that the Screen Reflectance is exactly the same for all of the X Note Color Modes.

 

The X Note has close to the lowest Screen Reflectance level that we have measured for a production Smartphone.

These results are extremely important for Screen Readability, Picture Quality, and Color Accuracy in Ambient Light.

 

Categories

 vivo X Note

Comments

Average Screen Reflection

Light From All Directions

4.3 percent

for Ambient Light Reflections

Excellent

Measured using an Integrating Hemisphere and

a Spectroradiometer.

The lowest value we have measured

for a production Smartphone is 3.4 percent.

Mirror Reflections

Percentage of Light Reflected

 5.4 percent

for Mirror Reflections

Very Good

These are the most annoying types of Reflections.

Measured using a Spectroradiometer and a narrow

collimated pencil beam of light reflected off the screen.

The lowest value we have measured

for a production Smartphone is 4.3 percent.

 

Brightness and Contrast

The Contrast Ratio is the specification that gets the most attention, but it only applies for low ambient light, which is seldom

the case for mobile displays.

 

Much more important is the Contrast Rating for High Ambient Light, which indicates how easy it is to read the screen under

high ambient lighting and depends on both the Maximum Brightness and the Screen Reflectance. The larger the better.

The display’s actual on-screen Contrast Ratio changes with the Ambient Light lux level and is proportional to the Contrast Rating.

 

Categories

Standard mode

Color Management

Professional mode

DCI-P3 Content

Professional mode

sRGB Content

Comments

Home Screen Peak Brightness

Measured for White

Brightness 424 cd/m2

Very Good

Brightness 388 cd/m2

Very Good

Brightness 388 cd/m2

Very Good

The Peak Brightness for White on the Home Screen.

 

Measured Average Brightness

50% Average Picture Level

Brightness 549 cd/m2

Excellent

Brightness 481 cd/m2

Very Good

Brightness 480 cd/m2

Very Good

This is the Brightness for typical screen content

that has a 50% Average Picture Level.

Measured Full Brightness

100% Full Screen White

Brightness 497 cd/m2

Very Good

Brightness 476 cd/m2

Very Good

Brightness 477 cd/m2

Very Good

This is the Brightness for a screen that is entirely

all white with 100% Average Picture Level.

Measured Peak Brightness

1% Average Picture Level

Brightness 613 cd/m2

Excellent

Brightness 480 cd/m2

Very Good

Brightness 477 cd/m2

Very Good

This is the Peak Brightness for a screen that

has only a tiny 1% Average Picture Level.

Dynamic Brightness

Change in Luminance with

Average Picture Level APL

19 percent Decrease

Intentionally Large

1 percent Decrease

Excellent

1 percent Decrease

Excellent

This is the percent Brightness decrease with APL

Average Picture Level. Ideally should be 0 percent.

Higher values may improve Contrast in Ambient Light.

 

Low Ambient Light

Lowest Peak Brightness

Super Dimming Mode

Brightness Slider to Minimum

2 cd/m2

For Very Low Light

2 cd/m2

For Very Low Light

2 cd/m2

For Very Low Light

This is the Lowest Brightness with the Slider set to

Minimum. This is useful for working in very dark

environments. Picture Quality remains Excellent.

Black Brightness at 0 lux

at Maximum Brightness Setting

0 cd/m2

Outstanding

0 cd/m2

Outstanding

0 cd/m2

Outstanding

Black Brightness is important for Low Ambient Light,

which is seldom the case for mobile devices.

Contrast Ratio at 0 lux

Relevant for Low Ambient Light

Infinite

Outstanding

Infinite

Outstanding

Infinite

Outstanding

Only relevant for Low Ambient Light,

which is seldom the case for mobile devices.

Always On Display Mode

White Luminance

Dim         1 cd/m2

Bright    29 cd/m2

Dim         1 cd/m2

Bright    28 cd/m2

Dim         1 cd/m2

Bright    28 cd/m2 

 

Displayed image content when the Smartphone

is in Standby Mode.

 

 

High Brightness Mode

Automatic Brightness in High Ambient Light

Measured High Brightness Mode

50% Average Picture Level

 

High Brightness Mode

1,167 cd/m2

Excellent

High Brightness Mode

968 cd/m2

Excellent

High Brightness Mode

969 cd/m2

Excellent

This is the Brightness for typical screen content

that has a 50% Average Picture Level.

 

Measured High Brightness Mode

100% Full screen White

 

High Brightness Mode

996 cd/m2

Excellent

High Brightness Mode

962 cd/m2

Excellent

High Brightness Mode

963 cd/m2

Excellent

This is the Brightness for a screen that is entirely

all white with 100% Average Picture Level.

 

Measured High Brightness Mode

1% Average Picture Level

 

High Brightness Mode

1,426 cd/m2

Excellent

High Brightness Mode

946 cd/m2

Excellent

High Brightness Mode

947 cd/m2

Excellent

This is the Peak Brightness for a screen that

has only a small 1% Average Picture Level.

 

Dynamic Brightness

Change in Luminance with

Average Picture Level APL

30 percent Decrease

Intentionally Large

2 percent Decrease

Excellent

2 percent Decrease

Excellent

This is the percent Brightness decrease with APL

Average Picture Level. Ideally should be 0 percent.

Higher values may improve Contrast in Ambient Light.

 

High Ambient Light Contrast Rating

Contrast Rating

for High Ambient Light

 

The Higher the Better

for Screen Readability

in High Ambient Light

116 – 143

With Manual Brightness

Very Good

 

232 – 332

High Brightness Mode

Excellent

111 – 112

With Manual Brightness

Very Good

 

220 – 225

High Brightness Mode

Excellent

111 – 112

With Manual Brightness

Very Good

 

220 – 225

High Brightness Mode

Excellent

 

Depends on the Screen Reflectance and Brightness.

Defined as Maximum Brightness / Average Reflectance.

 

The display’s actual on-screen Contrast Ratio

changes with the Ambient Light lux level and

is proportional to the Contrast Rating.

Screen Readability

in High Ambient Light

Very Good  A

With Manual Brightness

 

Excellent  A+

With Auto Brightness On

Very Good  A

With Manual Brightness

 

Excellent  A+

With Auto Brightness On

Very Good  A

With Manual Brightness

 

Excellent  A+

With Auto Brightness On

 

Indicates how easy it is to read the screen

under High Ambient Lighting. Depends on

both the Screen Reflectance and Brightness.

See High Ambient Light Screen Shots

 

Colors and Intensities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 1

Color Gamuts

Click to Enlarge

 

Figure 2

Color Accuracy

Click to Enlarge

 

Figure 3

Intensity Scales

Click to Enlarge

 

Figure 4

Color Shifts

Click to Enlarge

 

 

The Color Gamut, Intensity Scale, and White Point determine the quality and accuracy of all displayed images and all

the image colors. Bigger is definitely Not Better because the display needs to match all the Standards that were used

when the content was produced.

 

The X Note has Automatic Color Management that switches to the appropriate Color Gamut for Content with ICC Color Profiles.

 

The X Note also has a Bright Color mode with the Native Color Gamut of the OLED Display,

which is 112% of the DCI-P3 Gamut and 141% of the sRGB Gamut. The White Point is 7,140 K.

 

Categories

Standard mode

Color Management

Professional mode

DCI-P3 Content

Professional mode

sRGB Content

Comments

Color of White

Color Temperature in degrees

Measured in the dark at 0 lux

 

The White Point is Adjustable

with the Eye Protection Mode

Interactive Slider Button

 

7,100 K

2.4 JNCD from D65 White

Bluish White Point

 

Intentionally Bluish Mode

 

 

See Figure 1

6,440 K

0.3 JNCD from D65 White

Very Close to Standard

 

Excellent

Accurate White Point

 

See Figure 1

6,440 K

0.3 JNCD from D65 White

Very Close to Standard

 

Excellent

Accurate White Point

 

See Figure 1

D65 with 6,500 K is the standard color of White

for most Consumer Content and needed for

accurate color reproduction of all images.

 

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

White Point accuracy is more critical than other colors.

 

See Figure 1 for the plotted White Points.

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD

 

Color Gamut

Measured in the dark at 0 lux

 

See Figure 1

112 percent

DCI-P3 Cinema Gamut

Very Close to Standard

 

118 percent

sRGB / Rec.709 Gamut

Very Close to Standard

 

See Figure 1

 

101 percent

DCI-P3 Cinema Gamut

Very Close to Standard

 

Excellent

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

 

See Figure 1

101 percent

sRGB / Rec.709 Gamut

Very Close to Standard

 

Excellent

Accurate sRGB Content

 

See Figure 1

Most current consumer content uses sRGB / Rec.709.

The new 4K UHD TVs and Digital Cinema use DCI-P3.

 

A Wide Color Gamut is useful in High Ambient Light

and for some applications. It can be used with Color

Management to dynamically change the Gamut.

 

See Figure 1

Color Gamut in Ambient Light

Measured at 1,000 lux

 

Display Brightness set at Maximum

 

1,000 lux corresponds to

very bright indoor lighting or

outdoor daylight with an

overcast sky.

 

at 1,000 lux

 

86 percent

DCI-P3 Cinema Gamut

 

87 percent

sRGB / Rec.709 Gamut

 

Very Good

See Figure 1

 

at 1,000 lux

 

81 percent

DCI-P3 Cinema Gamut

 

 

 

Very Good

See Figure 1

 

at 1,000 lux

 

82 percent

sRGB / Rec.709 Gamut

 

 

 

Very Good

See Figure 1

 

The visible on-screen Color Gamut decreases

as the Ambient Light level increases.

 

The Ambient Light level is measured in lux.

 

The Gamut Depends on both the Display Brightness

and the Screen Reflectance.

 

See Figure 1

 

 

Absolute Color Accuracy

Absolute Color Accuracy

Average Color Error at 0 lux

 

For 41 Reference Colors

Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 2

Average Color Error

From sRGB / Rec.709

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0095

2.4 JNCD

 

Average Color Error

From DCI-P3

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0092

2.3 JNCD

 

Intentionally Bluish Mode

 

Average Color Error

From DCI-P3

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0021

0.5 JNCD

 

Excellent Accuracy

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

 

See Figure 2

 Average Color Error

From sRGB / Rec.709

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0019

 0.5 JNCD

 

Excellent Accuracy

Accurate sRGB Content

 

See Figure 2

 

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

 

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD and for the

Accuracy Plots showing the measured Color Errors.

 

Color Errors below 2.0 JNCD are Excellent.

Color Errors below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good.

Color Errors 3.5 to 7.0 JNCD are Good.

Color Errors above 7.0 JNCD are Poor.

Absolute Color Accuracy

Maximum Color Error at 0 lux

 

For 41 Reference Colors

Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 2

Largest Color Error

From sRGB / Rec.709

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0201

5.0 JNCD

for 50% Blue

 

Largest Color Error

From DCI-P3

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0226

5.7 JNCD

for 50% Blue

 

Intentionally Bluish Mode

 

Largest Color Error

From DCI-P3

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0048

1.2 JNCD

for 100% Magenta

 

Excellent Accuracy

Accurate DCI-P3 Content

 

See Figure 2

Largest Color Error

From sRGB / Rec.709

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0042

1.1 JNCD

for 50% Cyan-Blue

 

Excellent Accuracy

Accurate sRGB Content

 

See Figure 2

 

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

 

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD and for the

Accuracy Plots showing the measured Color Errors.

 

Color Errors below 2.0 JNCD are Excellent.

Color Errors below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good.

Color Errors 3.5 to 7.0 JNCD are Good.

Color Errors above 7.0 JNCD are Poor.

 

Changes in Absolute Color Accuracy with Average Picture Level APL

Measured Shifts in the Absolute Color Accuracy with Image Content from Low 1% APL to High 50% APL

Shift in the Color of White

 

Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 4

White Point Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0026

0.7 JNCD

 

Excellent

 

White Point Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0017

0.4 JNCD

 

Excellent

 

See Figure 4

White Point Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0017

0.4 JNCD

 

Excellent

 

See Figure 4

 

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

See Figure 4 for the measured Color Shifts.

 

Color Shifts below 2.0 JNCD are Excellent.

Color Shifts below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good.

Color Shifts 3.5 to 7.0 JNCD are Good.

Color Shifts above 7.0 JNCD are Poor.

Average Color Shift

 

For 41 Reference Colors

Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 4

Standard mode

 

Intentionally Variable

 

 

 

Average Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0016

0.4 JNCD

 

Excellent

 

See Figure 4

Average Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0015

0.4 JNCD

 

Excellent

 

See Figure 4

 

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

 

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

See Figure 4 for the measured Color Shifts.

 

Color Shifts below 2.0 JNCD are Excellent.

Color Shifts below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good.

Color Shifts 3.5 to 7.0 JNCD are Good.

Color Shifts above 7.0 JNCD are Poor.

Maximum Color Shift

 

For 41 Reference Colors

Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 4

Standard mode

 

Intentionally Variable

 

 

 

Largest Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0025

0.6 JNCD

for 100% Cyan-Blue

 

Excellent

 

See Figure 4

Largest Color Shift

from Low to High APL

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0024

0.6 JNCD

for 50% Blue

 

Excellent

 

See Figure 4

 

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference

 

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

See Figure 4 for the measured Color Shifts.

 

Color Shifts below 2.0 JNCD are Excellent.

Color Shifts below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good.

Color Shifts 3.5 to 7.0 JNCD are Good.

Color Shifts above 7.0 JNCD are Poor.

 

Intensity Scale and Image Contrast Accuracy

Dynamic Brightness

Change in Luminance with

Average Picture Level APL

19 percent Decrease

Intentionally Large

1 percent Decrease

Excellent

1 percent Decrease

Excellent

This is the percent Brightness decrease with APL

Average Picture Level. Ideally should be 0 percent.

Intensity Scale and

Image Contrast

 

See Figure 3

Smooth and Straight

Very Good

Slightly Too Steep

 

Intentionally Steeper

Very Smooth and Straight

Excellent

Very Accurate

 

See Figure 3

Very Smooth and Straight

Excellent

Very Accurate

 

See Figure 3

 

The Intensity Scale controls image contrast needed

for accurate Image Contrast and Color reproduction.

See Figure 3

Gamma for the Intensity Scale

Larger has more Image Contrast

 

See Figure 3

Gamma 2.33 to 2.41

Very Good

Gamma Intentionally High

Gamma 2.20

Excellent

Gamma Very Accurate

 Gamma 2.20

Excellent

Gamma Very Accurate

Gamma is the log slope of the Intensity Scale.

Gamma of 2.20 is the standard and needed for

accurate Image Contrast and Color reproduction.

See Figure 3

 

Image Contrast Accuracy

Very Good

Excellent

Excellent

See Figure 3

 

 

Viewing Angles

The variation of Brightness, Contrast, and Color with Viewing Angle is especially important for Smartphones because

of their larger screen and multiple viewers. The typical manufacturer 176+ degree specification for LCD Viewing Angle

is nonsense because that is where the Contrast Ratio falls to a miniscule 10. For most LCDs there are substantial

degradations at less than ±30 degrees, which is not an atypical Viewing Angle for Smartphones and Tablets.

 

The Viewing Angle variations are essentially identical for all of the X Note Color Modes.

 

Note that the Viewing Angle performance is also very important for a single viewer because the Viewing Angle can vary

significantly based on how the Smartphone is held. The Viewing Angle can be very large if resting on a table or desk.

 

· The X Note display has a Brightness (Luminance) fall off with Viewing Angle that is much smaller than the best LCD displays.

 

Color Shifts:

· The White Point Color Shift is the most viewer noticeable Color Shift with Viewing Angle because it is often the screen background.

The X Note has a relatively small White Shift of just 2.0 JNCD at 30 degrees, which is unlikely to be noticeable.

 

· The Color Shifts throughout the entire Color Gamut vary as combinations of the Primary Color Shifts.

 

· The Color Shift for the Red Primary at 30 degrees Viewing Angle is 3.1 JNCD, which is unlikely to be noticeable.

· The Color Shift for the Green Primary at 30 degrees Viewing Angle is 2.5 JNCD, which is unlikely to be noticeable.

· The Color Shift for the Blue Primary at 30 degrees Viewing Angle is 3.7 JNCD, slightly greater than the 3.5 JNCD limit for a

Green Very Good Rating. But Color Shifts in the Blue Region are less visually noticeable as discussed in this article

 

Most current model OLED Smartphone Displays have 1 or 2 Primary Color Shift Yellow ratings.

 

Categories

Standard mode

Color Management

Professional mode

DCI-P3 Content

Professional mode

sRGB Content

Comments

Brightness Decrease

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

35 percent Decrease

Small Decrease

Very Good

Most screens become less bright when tilted.

LCD decrease is generally greater than 50 percent.

Contrast Ratio at 0 lux

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

Infinite Contrast Ratio

Outstanding

A measure of screen readability when the screen

is tilted under low ambient lighting.

 

White Point Color Shift

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

Small Color Shift

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0079

 2.0 JNCD  Very Good

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

Color Shifts below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good

 

Color Shifts for the Primaries

Red Primary Color Shift

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

Small Color Shift

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0123

3.1 JNCD  Very Good

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

Color Shifts below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good

Green Primary Color Shift

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

Small Color Shift

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0100

 2.5 JNCD  Very Good

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

Color Shifts below 3.5 JNCD are Very Good

Blue Primary Color Shift

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

Medium Color Shift

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0147

 3.7 JNCD  Good

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

Color Shifts 3.5 to 7.0 JNCD are Good

 

Color Shifts for Color Mixtures

at a 30 degree Viewing Angle

Reference Brown (255, 128, 0)

 Small Color Shift

Δ(u’v’) = 0.0018

0.4 JNCD  Excellent

JNCD is a Just Noticeable Color Difference.

Color Shifts for non-IPS LCDs are about 10 JNCD.

Reference Brown is a good indicator of color shifts

with angle because of unequal drive levels and

roughly equal luminance contributions from Red

and Green. See Figure 2 for the definition of JNCD.

 

 

Display Spectra

The Display Spectra for the Standard and sRGB and DCI-P3 Professional Color Modes and for the Eye Protection Mode are measured in Figure 5 below.

 

The Display White Point is Adjustable:

with the Eye Protection Mode and Interactive Slider Button.

 

· The Eye Protection Mode is designed to change the color balance of the display in order to reduce the amount of Blue Light

produced by the display, which some recent research indicates can affect how well users sleep afterwards.

The White Point can shift down to a Warm 3,490 K See Figure 5.

 

· The Interactive Slider Button in Display Settings allows the White Point Color Temperature to be adjusted interactively.

The White Point can shift between  5,900 to 7,370 K for the Professional Mode, and 4,880 to 9,330 K for the Standard Mode.

 

 

 

Figure 5

Display Spectra

Click to Enlarge

 

 

 

 

 

About the Author

Dr. Raymond Soneira is President of DisplayMate Technologies Corporation of Amherst, New Hampshire, which produces display calibration, evaluation, and diagnostic products for consumers, technicians, and manufacturers. See www.displaymate.com. He is a research scientist with a career that spans physics, computer science, and television system design. Dr. Soneira obtained his Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics from Princeton University, spent 5 years as a Long-Term Member of the world famous Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, another 5 years as a Principal Investigator in the Computer Systems Research Laboratory at AT&T Bell Laboratories, and has also designed, tested, and installed color television broadcast equipment for the CBS Television Network Engineering and Development Department. He has authored over 35 research articles in scientific journals in physics and computer science, including Scientific American. If you have any comments or questions about the article, you can contact him at dtso.info@displaymate.com.

 

DisplayMate Display Optimization Technology

All Smartphone, Tablet, Monitor and TV displays can be significantly improved using DisplayMate’s proprietary very advanced scientific analysis and mathematical display modeling and optimization of the display hardware, factory calibration, and driver parameters. We help manufacturers with expert display procurement, prototype development, display performance improvement and optimization, testing displays to meet contract specifications, and production quality control so that they don’t make mistakes similar to those that are exposed in our public Display Technology Shoot-Out series for consumers. This article is a lite version of our advanced scientific analysis – before the benefits of our DisplayMate Display Optimization Technology, which can correct or improve all of these issues. If you are a display or product manufacturer and want to significantly improve display performance for a competitive advantage then Contact DisplayMate Technologies.

 

About DisplayMate Technologies

DisplayMate Technologies specializes in proprietary advanced scientific display calibration and mathematical display optimization to deliver unsurpassed objective performance, picture quality and accuracy for all types of displays including video and computer monitors, projectors, TVs, mobile displays such as Smartphones and Tablets, and all display technologies including LCD, OLED, 3D, LED, LCoS, Plasma, DLP and CRT. This article is a lite version of our intensive scientific analysis of Smartphone and Smartphone mobile displays – before the benefits of our advanced mathematical DisplayMate Display Optimization Technology, which can correct or improve many of the display deficiencies. We offer DisplayMate display calibration software for consumers and advanced DisplayMate display diagnostic and calibration software for technicians and test labs.

 

For manufacturers we offer Consulting Services that include advanced Lab testing and evaluations, confidential Shoot-Outs with competing products, calibration and optimization for displays, cameras and their User Interface, plus on-site and factory visits. We help manufacturers with expert display procurement, prototype development, and production quality control so they don’t make mistakes similar to those that are exposed in our Display Technology Shoot-Out series. See our world renown Display Technology Shoot-Out public article series for an introduction and preview. DisplayMate’s advanced scientific optimizations can make lower cost panels look as good or better than more expensive higher performance displays. If you are a display or product manufacturer and want to turn your display into a spectacular one to surpass your competition then Contact DisplayMate Technologies to learn more.

 

Article Links:  Display Color Gamuts Shoot-Out NTSC to Rec.2020

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Article Links:  Watching Displays at Night

 

Article Links:  Mobile Display Shoot-Out Article Series Overview and Home Page

Article Links:  Display Technology Shoot-Out Article Series Overview and Home Page

 

 

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